What are the characteristics and uses of polyester filament?

2023-11-30 10:22:35

Polyester filament, as the name suggests, is made of polyester. Polyester is an important variety of synthetic fibers and the trade name of polyester fiber in my country. The so-called polyester filament is a filament with a length of more than one kilometer. The filament is wound into a ball and has the characteristics of high strength, good heat resistance, and good elasticity. Polyester filament can be seen everywhere in life and is often used to make clothing and industrial products. It can be used to make clothing, bedding, decoration, protective clothing, etc. Let’s learn about the characteristics and uses of polyester filament!

What are the characteristics of polyester filament?

1. Strength

Polyester fiber is nearly 1 times stronger than cotton and 3 times stronger than wool, making polyester fabrics strong and durable.

2. Heat resistance

It can be used at -70℃~170℃ and has the best heat resistance and thermal stability among synthetic fibers.

3. Flexibility

The elasticity of polyester is close to that of wool, and its wrinkle resistance exceeds that of other fibers. The fabric does not wrinkle and has good shape retention.

4. Wear resistance

The wear resistance of polyester is second only to nylon, ranking second among synthetic fibers.

5. Water absorption

Polyester has low water absorption and moisture regain and good insulation properties. However, due to low water absorption, large static electricity generated by friction, and poor natural adsorption of dyes, polyester is generally dyed using high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing methods.

6. Dyeability

Polyester itself lacks hydrophilic groups or dye acceptor parts, so the dyeability of polyester is poor. It can be dyed with disperse dyes or non-ionic dyes, but the dyeing conditions are relatively harsh.

Classification of polyester filament

1. According to production method

(1) Spun yarn: undrawn yarn (conventional spinning) (UDY), semi-preoriented yarn (medium-speed spinning) (MOY), pre-oriented yarn (high-speed spinning) (POY), highly oriented yarn (super-oriented yarn) High speed spinning) (HOY)

(2) Drawn yarn: drawn yarn (low-speed drawn yarn) (DY), fully drawn yarn (one-step spinning and drawing method) (FDY), fully drawn yarn (one-step spinning and drawing method) (FOY)

(3) Textured yarn: conventional textured yarn (TY), drawn textured yarn (DTY), air textured yarn (ATY).

2. According to usage

Mainly divided into civil and industrial use.

In the early days, polyester filament was mainly used in silk clothing. With the development of various processing technologies, polyester filament has expanded to the entire clothing field such as wool-like, linen-like, cotton-like, etc., and has also expanded to decoration, industrial and non-fiberization fields. develop. Especially recently, new synthetic fibers made of polyester filaments have become popular in the clothing industry in Japan. The so-called new synthetic fiber is a synthetic fiber with a novel, unique style and feel that surpasses any natural fiber. It has changed people's concept of dressing, from being warm and beautiful to being comfortable, healthy, novel and artistic. This makes polyester filament more widely used.

1. For clothing

The traditional use of polyester filament is to imitate silk and is used in women's shirts, men's and women's outerwear, skirts, pajamas and scarves. The fine filaments are strongly twisted before deformation, and can be made into soft imitation silk, suitable for making high-end dresses and "grandma's shirts" worn by middle-aged and elderly women. Thick textured yarn can be made into wool-type fabrics for suits, coats, and ties, but the dimensional stability of its knitted products is not ideal. Mixed fiber yarn is mainly used in men's clothing, children's clothing and sportswear

2. Bedding

Used as quilt tops, pillowcases, sheets, bedspreads, mosquito nets, tablecloths and batting, etc.

3. For decoration

Used as sofa cloth, furniture cloth, curtain cloth, window screen cloth, wall cloth, carpet, poncho, umbrella cloth and car interior decoration cloth, etc.

4. Industrial use

Used as sewing thread, cord thread, transportation conveyor belt, canvas, geotextile, filter cloth, tent, net and rope, etc.

5. For non-fiber use

Artificial suede made of microfiber for use in fur coats, leather jackets, women's tops, etc.

6. Protective clothing field

According to the national standards for flame-retardant protective clothing, metallurgy, forestry, chemical industry, petroleum, fire protection and other departments should use flame-retardant protective clothing. There are more than one million people in China who should use flame-retardant protective clothing, and the market potential for flame-retardant protective clothing is huge. In addition to pure flame-retardant polyester, we can produce flame-retardant, waterproof, oil-repellent, anti-static and other multi-functional series products according to the special requirements of users. For example, waterproofing and oil-repellent finishing of flame-retardant polyester fabrics can improve the functionality of flame-retardant clothing; interweaving flame-retardant polyester and conductive fibers to produce antistatic flame-retardant fabrics; using flame-retardant fibers and high-performance fibers for blending and interweaving , can produce high-performance flame-retardant fabrics; flame-retardant fibers are blended with fibers such as cotton and viscose to improve the comfort of protective clothing and reduce secondary burns.

Polyester is used as a fiber for clothing, and its fabrics are wrinkle-free and iron-free after washing. Polyester is often blended or interwoven with various fibers, such as cotton-polyester, wool-polyester, etc., and is widely used in various clothing and decorative materials. Polyester can be used in industry for conveyor belts, tents, canvas, cables, fishing nets, etc. Especially the polyester cord used in tires is close to nylon in performance. Polyester can also be used in electrical insulation materials, acid-resistant filter cloth, medical industrial cloth, etc. Synthetic fibers have been widely used in various fields of the national economy because of their high strength, wear resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, light weight, warmth retention, good electrical insulation and resistance to mildew.